m-Phenylenediamine Sulfate
Also known as: MPD sulfate
INCI: m-Phenylenediamine Sulfate | Function: Hair Dye | Type: Oxidative hair dye (aromatic amine)
What Is m-Phenylenediamine Sulfate?
m-Phenylenediamine Sulfate 是间苯二胺的硫酸盐形式, 比游离碱更稳定且水溶性更好。作为氧化型染发剂中的偶合剂 (coupler), 用于调制特定色系。
Key Skin Benefits
- + Hair dye coupler — 作为偶合剂调制色系
- + Good color development
- + Natural-looking tones
Pros
- + Essential coupler for hair dye
- + Enables diverse color shades
- + Well-established chemistry
Cons
- − Contact allergen — moderate sensitization risk
- − EU restricted in hair dye formulations
- − Patch test recommended
- − Occupational exposure risk
Specifications
| Property | Value |
|---|
| Usage Areas | Hair |
| Product Type | Rinse-Off |
| Source | Synthetic |
| Natural Level | Synthetic |
Safety Ratings
| Metric | Rating |
|---|
| Skin Sensitivity | 3/5 (moderate allergen) |
| Comedogenic Rating | N/A (hair only) |
| EWG Score | 6/10 |
Regional Regulatory Limits
| Region | Leave-on % | Rinse-off % | Status |
|---|
| EU (CosIng) | 2% (after mixing) | 2% (after mixing) | RESTRICTED — Annex III, max 2%, warning label required |
| US (FDA) | No specific limit | No specific limit | Allowed — warning label required |
| Japan (MHLW) | Restricted | Restricted | Allowed — restricted concentration |
| ASEAN | 2% (after mixing) | 2% (after mixing) | RESTRICTED — follows EU |
| China (NMPA) | Restricted | Restricted | Allowed — restricted use in hair dyes |
Typical Usage % by Product Type
| Product Type | Typical % |
|---|
| Permanent hair color | ≤2% (after mixing) |
| Oxidative hair dye | ≤2% (after mixing) |
References
- EU CosIng — Annex III restricted substances. https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/
- SCCS — Opinion on p-phenylenediamine. https://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/
- McFadden JP et al. (2011) — PPD allergy. PMID: 21284645
- EWG Skin Deep — PPD report. https://www.ewg.org/skindeep/